Archive for the tag 'Systems'

Cpanel supported virtual environments and supported operating systems

Supported Virtual Environments1, 2
KVM
Linux-VServer
Microsoft Server® 2008 Hyper-V3
OpenVZ (stable releases only)
Oracle VM VirtualBox, VirtualBox OSE
Virtuozzo™
VMware® Server, VMware® ESX Server
Xen, XenEnterprise™, XenExpress™, XenServer™

Supported Operating Systems

(i386 and x86-64 ONLY)
CentOS versions 4.x, 5.x
Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® versions 4.x, 5.x
FreeBSD®-RELEASE versions 7.3, 8.0, 8.1

cPanel does not support VPS licenses for the FreeBSD operating system.
cPanel does not support 32-bit Virtual Environments that run on a 64-bit host kernel.
cPanel supports the drivers and configurations provided by Microsoft.

Reference: http://cpanel.net/

Kinds of device files in Linux operating systems

There are two general kinds of device files in Unix-like operating systems, known as character special files and block special files. The difference between them lies in how data written to them and read from them is processed by the operating system and hardware.

These together can be called device special files in contrast to named pipes, which are not connected to a device but are not ordinary files either.

Symbol Meaning
- Regular file
d Directory
l Link
c Special file
s Socket
p Named pipe
b Block device
SBDavid

Exporting NFS File Systems

Exporting NFS File Systems

To allow a client access to a filesystem or directory, the /etc/exports serves as the access control list.

To give the network “lan.serverbuddies.com” read-only access to /public_docs, the entries in /etc/exports would look like as follows:

/public_docs *.lan.serverbuddies.com(ro,sync)

Security : It is very important NOT to give write access to NFS clients if not absolutely needed! Entries in /etc/exports are exported read-only (”ro” option) by default.

To allow servers lan1, lan2 and lan3 read-write access to the /backup/setup directory, the entries in /etc/exports would look like as follows:

/backup/setup lan1.serverbuddies.com(rw,sync) lan2.serverbuddies.com(rw,sync) lan3.serverbuddies.com(rw,sync)

Note that options MUST NOT be separated from hostnames or networks with whitespace(s). And use fully qualified domain names to diminish spoofing attempts.

All entries in /etc/exports are exported with the root_squash option (’root squashing’) by default. This means that a root user on a client machine does not have root privileges (root access) to root-owned files on exported NFS filesystems/directories. It is not recommended to turn ‘root squashing” off using the no_root_squash option!

After you’ve made all your entries in /etc/exports, you can export all filesystems/directories using the following command:

# exportfs -a

To unexport all shared filesystems/directories, run:

# exportfs -ua

To see all shared filesystems/directories, run:

# showmount -e localhost

Export list for localhost:

/public_docs *.lan.serverbuddies.com
/backup/setup lan1.serverbuddies.com lan2.serverbuddies.com lan3.serverbuddies.com